Roof and shingle therefor



July 7 1925.

C. T. TORBERT noor' AND SHINGLB THEREFOR Filed Sept. 29. 1924 TOR Char/as I Tarberf M ATTORNEY Patented July 7, 1925.1

UNITED STATES.

1,544,956 PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES T. TORBERT, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOB '1 O AMERICAN ASPHALT ROOFING CORPORATION, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, 'A CORPORATION OF MIS- SOURI.

ROOF AND snmeLn THEREFOR.

Application flled- September 29, 1924. Serial No. 740,489.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES T. Tomsm'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Roofs and Shingles Therefor; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the-invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon ,'which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to roofs and ticularly to composite shingles for forming the roof covering.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a roof structure employing shingles so constructed that the side edges of the adjacent shingles will be secured together by lap joints as distinct from but joints so that liability of moisture passing below the shingles through the joints will be el1m1- nated and it is also an important feature of my invention that the shingles can be formed with interlocking parts from a sheet of material with very little waste.

It is also an important feature of-my invention that the shingles can be nailed to the roof in such'a manner that the heads of the nails will not be exposed. The body portions of the shingles are laid one upon the other in overlapplng relation with the neck portions interlocking one withthe other and by utilizing the construction contemplated by my invention, the cost of the roof will be materially reduced below that of the normal shingle roof.

To these ends the invention consists in certain novel parts and combinations of parts, all of which Will be specifically described hereinafter, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 isa fragmentary perspective view of a roof to-which my invention is applied, some of the shingles being shown as having their edges turned up in order to illustrate the structure beneath.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the blank sheet or strip from which the shingles are formed, and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the finished shingle.

par-

The shingles are formed from a strip or blank by cutting through the lines 1, 2, 3, 4 and removing material at 5 and 6 to provide shingles with body portions 7 and neck portions 8. Thebody portions are rectangular with the neck portions projecting from the middle of one edge as shown in Fig. 3

[and the cut-out portions'form interlocking ears 9, 1O, 11, 12, the ears 9 and 10 being at the angles between the body and neck portlons and the ears 11 and 12 extending laterally from the neck at its free end.

There is an advantagein cutting out the portions at 5 and 6 because by so doing, the ends 13 and 14 of the shingles can overlap one another a distance equal to the widths of the cutout portions. and when the body portions overlap, the cars 11 and 12 of one shingle will interlock under the ears 9 and 10 of alternatin co-operating shingles to hold the lower e ges 15 of the necks 8 flat upon the body portions of the next lower are used to a joint, there will be six nails' passing through the two joints and that the lowermost nail on each joint will also penetrate through the upper body portion of the shingle beneath the joint, consequently each shingle is held down by seven nails, an adequate number to maintain the shingles on the roof. I herein mention the number of nails, because I believe three nails to a joint to be adequate for the purpose of securing the roof covering securely upon the roof, but I do not wish to be limited under all conditions to the exact number of nails employed. The use of three nails to a joint however will ordinarily be standard and they are recommended because they are not only adequate to hold the shingles on the roof but the employment of three nails to a joint makes it possible to lay the shingles expeditiously and secure them in place, because the mechanic can uniformly drive one nail near each lower corner of the overlapping shingle, one nail near the upper corner and one inthe middle as will be clearly seen by reference to Fig. 1 and since the lower nail of each joint penetrates the transverse center of the body portion of the shingle beneath it, it will be obvious that the shingles wilhbe securely fastened to the roof.

It will be apparent that the shingles will be laid in alternating overlappin relation in rows so that the neck of eac li shingle terminates slightly below the lower edge of the body portion of the shingle beneath it so that a transverse lap joint indicated at 17 is provided and since the lower edge 15 of each shingle will lie flat upon the body portion of the shingle beneath it and since the ears 11 and 19. interlock beneath the ends 9 and 10 it will be apparent that the bottom edges 15 of the necks 8 will lie fiat and be held in such position so that liability of moisture and wind passing under the lower edges 15 will be eliminated. Attention is also called to the fact that by the arrangement illustrated and described, all nails are covered or unexposed so that liability of the nails rusting will be prevented and danger of moisture passing through the roof covering by way of the nail holes will be avoided.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that shingles for the roof covering may be inexpensively made, that they can .be mechanically formed from a single sheet or blank with comparatively little Waste and that they will so interlock that danger of displacement of the shingles or distortion of the roof will be entirely overcome.

In starting the roof from the bottom, I recommend that the shingles be inverted,

, downwardly as shown.

shingles for the starting strlp, a continuous that is that the body portions be laid to the caves of the roof with the tongues extending upwardly to provide-a starting strip. After the first course is laid, the shingles will be applied to the roof with the necks directed Instead of utilizing strip may be employed if deslred.

The material for the shingle is unimportant in so far as the invention is concerned, because any flexible sheet may be emplo ed, preferably covered with a watershedcl ing surface, the quality of the material and the kind of surface being within the province of the manufacturer.

-The form of the shingle is T-shaped because it consists of a horizontal body and vertical neck portion the ears 11 and 12 at the base of the T being for interlocking engagement with ,the offset ears 9 and 10 at the angles where the neck connects to the body.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

As a' new article of manufacture, a flexible sheet, comprising a rectangular bod portion, a substantially rectangular nec portion extending transversely from and integral with the intermediateportion of one edge of the body portion to form a T- shaped shingle, the neck portion having 0E- setears at the corners of its free end, and offset ears integral with the sheet where the neck portion joins the body portion.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

. CHARLES T. TORBERT. 

